A US team of researchers from Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit has identified 231 previously unknown genes implicated in the development of head and neck cancers.

Before the discovery, scientists were only aware of 33 genes associated with this particular form of the disease.

Lead researcher Dr Maria Worsham said the new discovery could lead to the development of more diagnostic tests and earlier diagnosis. The prognosis for this form of the disease is greatly improved the earlier it is treated.

Head and neck cancer includes cancers of the mouth, salivary glands, throat, voice box and nose and nasal passages. Around 85 per cent of head and neck cancers are linked to smoking – and people who drink alcohol regularly also have a higher risk for developing some form of the disease.

The Press Association reports that to identify the new genes linked to head and neck cancer, the scientists used a method of gene detection called ‘whole genome methylation’, involving chemical modification of the DNA that affects gene activity.

Dr Worsham said:

‘These new genes should advance selection of head and neck-specific gene targets, opening the door to promising new molecular strategies for the early detection and treatment of head and neck cancer.

‘It also may offer the opportunity to help monitor disease progression and a patient's response to treatment.’

In the UK, more than 5,000 people are diagnosed with head and neck cancer every year –around 1,850 people die from the disease annually.

©5r1 Limited 2009